[OpenWrt Wiki] 8/64 warning (2024)

Every operating system requires

  1. Sufficient Flash to accommodate firmware image

  2. Sufficient RAM for stable operation

Devices with 8MB flash and/or 64MB RAM will work but they may be somewhat limited regarding installing additional packages due to low flash space and/or low RAM amount. Consider this when choosing a device to buy, or when deciding to flash OpenWrt on your device because it is listed as supported.

Usability issues

Insufficient RAM for stable operation

  • 32 MB RAM is already deprecated. You will run into issues with an up to date OpenWrt version.

  • 64 MB RAM may have some issues with stability, depending on your hardware and use cases, although it is enough for basic usage

  • 128 MB RAM or more is recommended if software past basic router/AP functionality is to be used

Extensibility issues

Barely enough Flash to accommodate OpenWrt firmware image

  • 8MB is barely enough (will fit LuCI and some other applications, but not many) / 16MB offers more flexibility

  • 8MB devices can be extended if you use the Image Generator (Image Builder) (that requires a Linux system and some mild experience) or use Extroot. Experienced users creating custom builds may be able to save firmware space, but many packages won't ever fit no matter what you do.

  • If you want to be sure you can install at least a few additional software packages, 16MB (or more) of flash and 128MB (or more) of RAM are the recommended choice.

As the current stable 21.02 release uses kernel 5.4 that is roughly 0.5 MB larger than the kernel 4.14 used in the old 19.07.x releases, and SSL/HTTPS has been enabled by default needing at least some 0.3 MB flash space for the SSL libraries, the free flash space available on 8MB flash systems will be rather small in the current OpenWrt 21.02 release. OpenWrt master has already partially moved to kernel 5.10, which is still larger.

Flash space is also needed for bootloader (u-boot, etc.), bootloader settings, wifi firmware/calibration data, possible OEM settings (for ability to revert to OEM firmware) and for the jffs2/ubifs overlay space (OpenWRT config storage). Thus the maximum available flash size e.g. in a 8MB flash is actually typically 7MB or less.

Advice

Users that are not expert users of OpenWrt (those that can build their own images) should consider

16/64 as an absolute minimum for any device, with at least 128 MB of RAM being preferred.

Users should expect that devices with less than 16 MB of flash and/or 64 MB of RAM may be unstable in basic operation under OpenWrt from 21.02 onward. They should further expect that support for the device may be dropped in future.

Analysis of firmware size growth

As example, the size of the sysupgrade release image for WNDR3700v1, an ar71xx/ath79 device that has been supported by Openwrt for ten years:

main/master: 5696.3 KB (snapshot without LuCI)23.05-rc1: 5888.3 kB22.03.5: 5952.3 KB21.02.5: 5312.3 KB19.07.8: 4096.3 KB18.06.8: 3712.0 KB17.01.7: 3584.0 KB15.05.1: 3584.0 KB14.07: 3328.0 KB12.09: 2816.0 KB

Main reason is growth in size of the Linux kernel itself, but all included core packages (wifi, LuCI, etc.) also tend to grow as their features get expanded.

More thorough discussion can be found in 4/32 warning.

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[OpenWrt Wiki] 8/64 warning (2024)

FAQs

What is the recommended memory for OpenWrt? ›

16/64 as an absolute minimum for any device, with at least 128 MB of RAM being preferred. If a device has less than 16 MB of Flash and/or less than 64 MB of RAM, it may be unstable in basic operation under OpenWrt from 19.07 onward.

What is the minimum flash for OpenWrt? ›

Barely enough Flash to accommodate OpenWrt firmware image

If you want to be sure you can install at least a few additional software packages, 16MB (or more) of flash and 128MB (or more) of RAM are the recommended choice.

What are the minimum requirements for OpenWrt? ›

Device Requirements

However the device's hardware does need to meet some minimum requirements: 1GHz or faster CPU, multi-core is an asset. 512MiB of physical RAM per core you intend to use in the build for 32-bit devices. For 64-bit devices you need double this.

Which is the most stable OpenWrt version? ›

Current stable series: OpenWrt 23.05

It is the successor of the previous 22.03 stable major release. The current stable version series of OpenWrt is 23.05, with v23.05.3 being the latest release of the series. It was released on 25. March 2024.

Is OpenWrt faster than pfSense? ›

On APU routers pfSense and OPNsense achieve about 100Mbit/s throughput. OpenWRT achieves about 140Mbit/s. APU delivers more than 600Mbit/s with Wireguard VPN.

How long does it take to build OpenWrt? ›

Build-time is highly dependable on the number of Cores/Jobs and can be shrunk to less than 30 minutes (from 90 minutes). Build time with single core can take several hours.

Is OpenWrt better than DD WRT? ›

DD-WRT is mostly available on older routers with more up-to-date software than the manufacturers provide. If you're ready to take the next step in customization or just want to use hardware that doesn't make sense for DD-WRT, such as using a thin client PC as a router, OpenWrt is the answer.

Is OpenWrt a safe firewall? ›

Good news, OpenWrt has reasonable security by default. If you are inexperienced in hardening and firewall and web security, there is no need to worry, OpenWrt is hardened by default in a sufficient way, such that non-experienced muggles can use it right away, without being worried.

What OS is OpenWrt based on? ›

OpenWrt (from open wireless router) is an open-source project for embedded operating systems based on Linux, primarily used on embedded devices to route network traffic. The main components are Linux, util-linux, musl, and BusyBox.

Is it worth using OpenWrt? ›

OpenWrt incorporates many algorithms from recent research that perform far better than vendor-supplied firmware. OpenWrt is stable, and operates reliably for long periods of time. Optimal packages and codebase tailor-made for low end hardware and maximum storage space.

What filesystem does OpenWrt use? ›

layout article documents how OpenWrt uses both SquashFS and JFFS2 filesystems combined into one filesystem by overlayfs. The kernel is also stored separately from these partitions in raw flash. When the kernel is built, it is also compressed with LZMA and gzip, as documented in imagebuilder.

What is the ideal memory size? ›

Generally, we recommend 8GB of RAM for casual computer usage and internet browsing, 16GB for spreadsheets and other office programs, and at least 32GB for gamers and multimedia creators. How you use your computer influences how much RAM you need, so use this as a guideline.

Is 32GB RAM enough for deep learning? ›

Large Datasets and Deep Learning Models: Deep learning models, especially with large-scale datasets, often require more memory due to the increased complexity and computational demands. In such cases, it is advisable to have 32GB or more of RAM, and sometimes even higher depending on the specific requirements.

How much available memory should I have? ›

For basic web browsing and document creation, 4GB or 8GB is usually sufficient. For tasks such as photo editing and streaming media, however, 16GB of RAM may be necessary. For gaming or video editing applications, even higher amounts of RAM (e.g., 32GB) may be needed to ensure optimal performance.

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