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Learn this classic pen-and-paper game so you can play with friends
Co-authored byHunter Rising
Last Updated: February 6, 2024Fact Checked
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- Game Overview |
- Dots and Boxes Rules |
- Dots and Boxes Strategies |
- Video |
- |
- Tips
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If you want a really easy game that you can play anywhere you go, Dots and Boxes is the perfect way to beat boredom. Also known as Dots or “The Dot Game,” players add lines to a grid of dots and earn points for closing off boxes. If you’re ready to start playing, grab some pens and paper and keep reading for all the rules. We’ll even cover some winning strategies to try out so you can beat your opponent.
Things You Should Know
- Make a 4 x 4 grid of dots on a sheet of paper, and give each player a pen or pencil.
- Take turns drawing a single line to connect 2 dots that are next to each other. If you add the 4th line to enclose a box, earn a point and take another turn.
- Win the game if you capture the most boxes once you fill the entire grid.
Section 1 of 3:
Game Overview
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Dots and Boxes is a simple game for 2 players that takes minutes to play. You and your opponent take turns drawing horizontal or vertical lines to connect dots on a grid to form boxes.
When someone draws the fourth line to finish a 1 x 1 box, they mark it, earn a point, and take another turn.
Once all the dots are connected, whoever captured the most boxes at the end of the game wins.[1]
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Section 2 of 3:
Dots and Boxes Rules
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1
Draw a grid of dots that’s 4 x 4 or larger. Get a pen or pencil and a blank sheet of paper to start. Create rows and columns of dots so they’re evenly spaced about 1 centimetre (0.39in) apart.[2]
A 4 x 4 grid is perfect for a short game, but you can make the grid as large as you want. Just stick to an even number of rows or columns if you want to avoid ending in a tie.
Give each player a pen or pencil. Using different colors makes it easier to see what moves each player has made, but it’s okay to use the same color if that’s all you have.
2
Connect 2 dots with a straight line on your turn. Flip a coin, play rock-paper-scissors, or choose any other method to randomly pick who goes first. After that, players alternate turns.
When it’s your turn, pick 2 dots that are next to each other and draw a horizontal or vertical line to connect them. You’re not allowed to connect dots diagonally.[3]
Try to avoid drawing a line that becomes the third side of a box. Your opponent could quickly capture it on their next turn.
3
Draw the fourth side of a box to capture it and take another turn. Once a player draws the fourth line to enclose a 1 x 1 box, they’ll color it in or write their initial inside to score 1 point.
After that, the player must draw another line on the grid, which may enclose another box if possible.[4]
See AlsoDots & Boxes GameHow to play Dots & Boxes - Maths Week ScotlandThe Dot Game: static multiplication — The Wonderful World of MontessoriCoolmath Review for Teachers | Common Sense EducationA chain is a group of boxes where adding the fourth side to one creates the third side of the next box in line. That way, a player can use their extra turns to complete all the boxes in the chain.
4
Count who has the most boxes after the grid is filled. Once all the boxes are captured in the grid, count how many boxes each player captured. Whoever has more boxes is the winner of the game![5]
If you want to keep playing, draw a new grid and switch which player goes first.
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Section 3 of 3:
Dots and Boxes Strategies
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1
Wait to create the third side of a box unless you absolutely have to. Once a box has 3 sides, the other player can complete it on their next turn right away to score a point. Early in the game, stick to drawing lines on boxes that have 1 or fewer sides.
2
Look for the shortest chains to give your opponent. Count out how many are in each chain on the grid. If there is a chain with noticeably fewer boxes, add a line to it so your opponent can’t score big.
3
Let your opponent win the last 2 boxes in chains longer than 3 squares. Rather than taking the last 2 boxes for yourself, add the third line to a box on the other end of the chain. Your opponent will capture those boxes to earn points, but it forces them to give you the next available chain.[6]
This strategy is called a “double-cross” and it only works if there are no open moves left—otherwise, they could take the boxes and still avoid giving you a chain.
If there are an even number of dots on the grid, then the first player wins if there are an even number of chains. The second player wins if there are an odd number of chains.[7]
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Community Q&A
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Question
Can we play 5x6 or 7x9 or must we play 3x3, 4x4, 5x5?
Community Answer
Any size grid will do. It may influence strategy, but rules and scoring are unchanged.
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Question
Can I leave a potential box open for the other player just to gain more boxes from this move?
Community Answer
Yes, you can.
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What happens if the opponent wins?
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Community Answer
If the opponent wins, they win. You can play again, or admit defeat. Most times, if you do another round, do a third, or any other odd numbered amount, this will assure only 1 winner.
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Tips
If you’d rather play dots and boxes online, play against a computer on the UCLA math site. Just set how many rows and columns of dots you want to start your game.
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References
- ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301454149_Technique_Analysis_of_Dots-and-Boxes
- ↑ https://youtu.be/uWrKllUAfm8?t=24
- ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301454149_Technique_Analysis_of_Dots-and-Boxes
- ↑ https://web.ma.utexas.edu/users/allco*ck/research/dots.pdf
- ↑ https://www.math.mcgill.ca/gsams/drp/papers/2022Winter_Niu.pdf
- ↑ https://www.math.mcgill.ca/gsams/drp/papers/2022Winter_Niu.pdf
- ↑ https://youtu.be/KboGyIilP6k?t=158
About This Article
![How to Play Dots and Boxes: Rules, Strategies, & More (32) How to Play Dots and Boxes: Rules, Strategies, & More (32)](https://i0.wp.com/www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/93/Hunter_Rising.png/-crop-100-100-100px-Hunter_Rising.png)
Co-authored by:
Hunter Rising
wikiHow Staff Writer
This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Hunter Rising. Hunter Rising is a wikiHow Staff Writer based in Los Angeles. He has more than three years of experience writing for and working with wikiHow. Hunter holds a BFA in Entertainment Design from the University of Wisconsin - Stout and a Minor in English Writing. This article has been viewed 372,046 times.
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Co-authors: 20
Updated: February 6, 2024
Views:372,046
Categories: Featured Articles | Games
Article SummaryX
Dots and Boxes is a two-player game played with a pen and paper. The aim of the game is to capture more boxes than your opponent by drawing lines on a grid. To set the game up, draw a grid of dots that is at least 4 dots long and 4 dots wide, although you can make the grid bigger if you'd like to make the game last longer. To play, each player takes turns drawing a single line between two dots on the grid either horizontally or vertically. You cannot draw lines diagonally. Whenever a player completes the fourth side of a square and encloses it, that player scores 1 point and colors the box in or writes their initials inside of it to mark it off as their box. If more than one box is created by a single line, that player scores 1 point for each box that they created. After a point has been scored, the scoring player draws another line, and their turn only ends when they can’t finish off a box. Once every line on the grid has been drawn, both players count the number of boxes that they scored to calculate their points. The winning player is the one with the most boxes. If you want to learn strategies on how to win dots and boxes, keep reading the article!
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